Paper Example. The Injury and Violence Indicators

The injury and violence indicators include instances such as homicides, domestic and school violence, vehicle accidents, suicides, child neglect, as well as unintentional drug overdoses (Happy People.gov, 2020). The importance of monitoring them is based on the fact that in addition to their immediate health impacts, their consequences stretch beyond the injured people or the victims of violence (Happy People.gov, 2020). Also, witnessing or being a victim of violence is associated with lifelong negative physical, emotional, and social consequences. Notably, unintentional injuries alongside those associated with acts of violence are among the top fifteen killers of Americans of all ages.

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• Specific Health Indicators
• Injury and deaths
• Homicides

Overall Progress Towards Meeting the Objectives

The first objective was to reduce fatal injuries. The baseline year of the objective was 2007, when the deaths were 59.7 per 100,000 population. The target was to decrease the deaths to 53.71 per 100,000 population by 2020 (Happy People.gov, 2020). In relation to the target year and the Progress, there has been a 10 percent improvement in reducing the total injuries (Happy People.gov, 2020). From the year 2007 up to 2010, the rates of injuries declined by roughly 4%, from 59.7 demises for every 100,000 people to 57.1. It is an objective that achieved more than two-thirds of the targeted change (Happy People.gov, 2020). With those figures, the movement toward target was 43.3%

Regarding homicides, from 2007 to 2010, the homicide rate dropped by approximately 13%. The figure dropped to 5.3 deaths per 100,000 people up from 6.1 homicides per 100,000 population (age-adjusted) in 2007. This exceeded the Healthy People target of 5.5 deaths per 100,000 population (Happy People.gov, 2020). 6.1 homicides per 100,000 population were the baseline of the year 2007. For IL, however, the rates of homicides per 100,000 have been higher compared to the targets of Healthy People 2020 (Happy People.gov, 2020). For instance, while the baseline for 2015 for the United States was 5.7 homicides per 100,000 population, it was 6.9 homicides per 100,000 population in IL. In 2017 the United States' baseline was 6.2 homicides per 100,000 population while in IL, it was 9.0 homicides per 100,000 population.

Appropriate Nursing Interventions for Injury and Homicide

One intervention is the Dram Shop Liability intervention established by the Community Preventive Services Task Force. This intervention ensures that people who sell alcohol to others are held liable to harm that their customers cause to others when intoxicated (The Community Guide, 2016). Through this mechanism, it is possible to prevent the amount of alcohol that establishments serve to people hence reducing harms such as crushes, death, and damages as a result of alcohol-related events.

Another intervention is the Compendium of effective fall interventions. It has been stated that more deaths in older adults happen as a result of falls. It contains 22 exercise-based, home modifications, as well as multifaceted interventions (Stevens, 2010). An example of this intervention is the Falls Management Exercise (FaME) Intervention. It sought to improve clients' dynamic balances, core, and leg strengths as well as recover the ability to move up and down from the floor. Thirty-six weeks into the intervention, fall rates in the participants decreased by a third. Throughout the 50 weeks, the overall fall dropped by 54% (Stevens, 2010).

Brief School-Based Interventions and behavioral outcomes for substance-using adolescents is also crucial best practice that could reduce homicides. Most homicides in the U.S. are associated with drugs and substances among adolescents and youth (Carney, Myers, Louw, & Okwundu, 2016). The motivation for this intervention was six studies where it was found that adolescents who receive brief face-to-face interventions usually reduce their alcohol and cannabis use more than those that didn't receive any intervention. It was developed by Cochrane Library.

References

Carney, T., Myers, B. J., Louw, J., & Okwundu, C. I. (2016). Brief school-based interventions and behavioral outcomes for substance-using adolescents. Cochrane Database of systematic reviews, (1). Retrieved 27 March 2020, from https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008969.pub3/abstract.

Happy People.gov. (2020). Injury and Violence: Overview & Impact. Retrieved 27 March 2020, from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/leading-health-indicators/2020-lhi-topics/Injury-and-Violence.

Stevens, J.A. (2010). A CDC Compendium of Effective Fall Interventions: What Works for Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Retrieved 27 March 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/pdf/CDC_Falls_Compendium_lowres.pdf

The Community Guide. (2016). Alcohol - Excessive Consumption: Dram Shop Liability. c2010- [cited 2016 Dec 30]. Retrieved 27 March 2020, from https://www.thecommunityguide.org/findings/alcohol-excessive-consumption-dram-shop-liability.