Essay Sample on Protocol for Determining if the Cause of the Incident is Criminal

The protocol for identifying if the cause of the incident is criminal is by the use of forensics. The role played by forensic science during the investigation of serious crimes is through the use of techniques to identify the people involved in the incidents by the use of fingerprints (Technical Working Group for Bombing Scene Investigation. (2000). The use of fingerprints is needed to establish and readily avail the criminal records of the offenders that may have caused the explosion. Similarly, their records will show the presence of a motive to cause an explosion to kill and injure a large number of people.

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The FBI is required to act with integrity towards the crime scene if it is established that the incident was as a result of criminal activities. In the case of the explosion, there were victims who were injured and others dead. The best practices will include assessing the immediate needs for the safety and security of the victims (Minnesota, 2010). The FBI needs to listen, validate, and honor the experiences of the victims. A safety plan is also required to protect them as well as provide access to crisis support, like calling for medical help.

If criminal acts are suspected, the way to identify true victims from possible suspects is to utilize eyewitnesses. The police should be capable of identifying the suspect and use the identification procedure to test the ability of an eyewitness to identify the suspect. Some of the injured victims may play the role of an eyewitness and help the FBI catch the individual responsible for the explosion.

Protocol for identifying if there is any further Danger

The FBI will need to get equipment to remove any further danger from the crime scene, such as locking the leaking gas cylinders. Individuals with firefighter skills will be effective since the explosion needs to be contained so that no more people get injured (Technical Working Group for Bombing Scene Investigation. (2000). The FBI will engage appropriate tools to remove the roof as they use good body mechanics. They will also need to control the burning areas and protect against the sharp edges.

The equipment and personnel needed to effect rescue of trapped victims include first developing a plan to ensure that there is a clear exit pathway that is available. A designated person should direct victim removal, and the processes should be conducted with clear commands. There also needs to be an adequate number of rescuers who work to make the removal process as seamless as possible. Ambulances to transport the victims to medical facilities without any delay should be around.

The equipment and personnel required for on-site triage of victims to do a thorough assessment of their status. This way, it will be easier to provide first aid to those in more critical condition, and further transfer them to advanced medical post if it is necessary. Depending on the risk, the rescue teams will need to use protective clothing as well as equipment to handle patients who are injured (Technical Working Group for Bombing Scene Investigation. (2000). Generally, the FBI will perform quick identification of the victims that require immediate stabilization, identify the victims that could be saved by immediate surgery, and transport them to the facilities required to perform such activities.

An on-site categorization of victims is important in terms of identifying where they are lying or the ones at the collecting point. In cases of limited medical resources, first aiders will be required to give medical attention to the people that require it. The on-site triage is needed to identify the victims that need prompt medical attention, especially those that require quick transport to the advanced medical posts. Similarly, the triage will identify the patients who can wait. Acute victims will be marked by red ribbons securely attached to them.

Protocol to identify and manage those in need of immediate Medical Assistance

The protocol to identify and also manage the individuals in need of medical assistance is to consider triage that will be performed at an advanced medical post by experienced medical personnel. In the case of the explosion, most of the injured victims are as a result of burns; thus, they all need intensive care (Bordonado, 1995). In such a case, there will be a need to use the colour code triage tag after collecting more accurate information on the status of the victims. The colour red will mean that the individual requires immediate stabilization, and that will be given to victims who have shock status, respiratory distress, injuries on the head, and external bleeding, among others.

The primary treatment to be administered for issues of severe shock is intensive resuscitation. The preferred specialists to act in such sceneries will include emergency physicians, anesthesiologists, and surgeons (Bordonado, 1995). Issuing immediate care to these patients will provide them with a reasonable likelihood to survive so that they can tolerate any forms of transfer to other health care facilities and also be prepared to receive treatment.

Colour yellow will be for the individuals that require close monitoring and care to them can somewhat be delayed. Such victims will be those that have symptoms of the risk of shock, compound fractures, severe burns, the unconscious or those with head injuries (Bordonado, 1995). Similarly, the case will also apply to individuals with uncertain status or fractures on the femur. All these victims will be handled by being given a vein guard but also close monitoring to check any forms of complications and also receive treatment as soon as possible.

The colour green will be marked on the victims that require delayed or no treatment. That includes victims with minor fractures, minor wounds and also minor burns. Such patients will require dressing and splinting, after which they will be transferred to the field for operation. The hopelessly injured victims, if they will be alive by the end of the operation, will then get transferred to health care facilities.

Potential Behaviors to look for to identify traumatized Patients

Some of the potential behaviours to look for when identifying a traumatized patient include when the individual is in shock, denial, or disbelief (Swanson et al., 2017). The patient shows that they are completely confused by the incident and have difficulty concentrating, especially where they have to answer questions. The patients may also show anger and mood swings from the impact of the incident.

Other behaviours to look for include shows of anxiety and fear. The patient may try to withdraw from others, and they may also feel sad and hopeless about their condition. Some physical behaviours to check to include muscle tension of the patient and a racing heartbeat. The patient also shows that they are startled easily, aches, pains, insomnia, and agitation (Swanson et al., 2017). Such reactions are far from the normal activities of an individual hence the need to ensure that they heal from such trauma because such behaviour may last a few days or months until the individual processes the event.

How to obtain Field Interviews

The way to obtain field interviews for follow-up later from victims that may have been potential witnesses is to interrogate them and take notes. The first strategy is to ensure that one creates a bigger picture of the facts that happened during the incident and make that the starting point of the mental map of events. Such facts will create a framework for beginning to think about how to recognize offences and form reasonable grounds to believe from the statements of the witnesses and also take necessary action.

It is vital that one records important information given by the witnesses such as date, time, and description of the person as well as the vehicles that may have emerged during the situation. Other critical notes to take from the witnesses include exact addresses, licence plate numbers, and if they know the name of the suspects. Another way to obtain field reviews is through the use of technology to make it possible to digitally record a vast amount of information that the witness provides. The same can be applied to those who have experienced significant psychological trauma since they are able to describe events of the incident.

How to establish a Notification and Meeting Assembly Point for Victims and their loved ones

The best strategy to notify and establish a meeting assembly point for victims is to use nonmedical language by using health workers. An example is if the family of the victim arrives as the process of resuscitation is ongoing, the individuals that may be delegated to inform the family of the status of the patient includes chaplains, social workers or nurses (Iserson, 2000). Such professionals are inclined to use nonmedical words to explain what is going on compared to how a physician would deliver the message.

For the case of the explosion, the only victims that can see their families are those that have minor injuries because the rest will need to seek medical attention and the loved ones can only meet them at the health care centres. However, notifiers need to continually update the families about changes made to the patients in terms of their whereabouts.

One should avoid any form of miscommunication and no use of jargons that are unfamiliar to most people (Iserson, 2000). It may be difficult to look for every family of more than 150 victims of the dead and injured ones hence the need to use a microphone to notify them of where the injured ones are placed as well as the dead ones.

While updating the families on the incidences that occurred, it is important to state that "things are not looking good." Such statements alert the loved ones of the grave situation at the scene and give them a little time to prepare for any bad news, especially where the notification includes people that are dead.

Protocol for establishing a Temporary Morgue Unit for the dead by family members

The protocol to establish a temporary morgue unit for the dead includes initially holding morgue operations such as recovering the remains of the dead. The FBI will need to perform an initial physical evaluation at the scene then proceed to transfer the remains to the morgue where trained personnel will perform more extensive evaluation and autopsy (Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management (CHEMM), (2020). As the type of disaster determines the extent of the morgue operation, the case of the explosion will need a larger area to accommodate every single person.

It is also required to conduct arrangements for transportation of the dead to the morgue. For the need to expand capabilities and ensure that all dead persons are transported, it will be necessary to use refrigerated trucks as alternative resources (Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management (CHEMM), (2020). These are vital to accommodate cases that exceed normal transportation. During the process of transporting and storing, the FBI needs not to stack the remains unless there is the use of shelving units. When these units are used, one should not stack the remains to positions higher than the level of the waist to prevent any forms of injury to the people handling remains.

Another thing to consider is the plan for transportation and storage should minimize the number of times for moving the remains. In terms of the morgue operations, it is the responsibility of the FBI to determine if the remains need to be processed at the headquarters or an off-site location.