Paper Sample on Jailed Juveniles

Introduction

Erath County is situated in the state of Texas and was founded in 1856. Its principal inhabitants were Native Americans but were forced to move due to the French and Spanish battles. They were infected with diseases that they did not have immunity, thus suffered many casualties and moved to Oklahoma. The racial constitutes are 85.6% whites, 1.2% African Americans, 0.8% Native Americans, and 0.7% Asians, and the other races are 1.7%. Teenagers under 18 make up 22.29% while those above 18 and under 24 years are 23%. The age bracket between 24 and 45 makes up 10%, while 45 to 65 are 22.46%. They have a large source of renewable energy from plants in North America.

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Juveniles Arrested in Erath County

As of December of 1880, 35 people in the county were incarcerated. Out of the 35 individuals, there was only four juvenile. The rest were adults. All the juveniles were whites. One of the children had stolen a mare on March 31, 1880, but was later released in August the same year. He served out in jail. The second one stole a chain, and the third committed burglary but were acquitted. Another juvenile was arrested for carrying a pistol and was released after one month. The last one stole cattle but was later acquitted after four months.

In 1881 the number of jailed individuals was thirty-three. In 1881 all the juvenile arrested were African Americans, and they were four in number. One of the African Americans was a 17-year-old adolescent woman who murdered on September 16 of 1881, but not much is known about her. The second was an Eleven year African American accused of fitting and was acquitted after doing some work. The third was a 13-year-old African American who was arrested for fitting and later exonerated. The fourth was an 18-year-old African American woman who committed murder and was taken to Granbury juvenile detention center.

In 1882 there were only three cases involving juveniles. On April 25, 1882, a 15-year-old white child was arrested for theft, was given bond, and was released after a month. Another 17-year-old white juvenile was arrested for stealing a horse and was acquitted after three months. The other 18-year-old white junior stole millet but was released after being given a bond.

In 1883 there was three juvenile who was arrested. A 17-year-old white boy was arrested for stealing horses on December 3, 1883, and paid a $19 fine. Another 16-year-old African American raped on May 22, 1883, and was sent to the penitentiary after six months. There was also an 18 years old white juvenile who stole horses and was transferred to Gatesville.

In 1884 there was three juvenile who was charged. An 18-year-old African American was arrested for burglary. Another white child of 16 years old was also arrested in October 1884. Another white juvenile who was 15 years of age was charged with theft.

In 1885 there was only one juvenile case; an 18 year, African American was charged with a misdemeanor and was fined. In 1886, were no juvenile offenders? On July 27, 1887, an 18 years old African American was accused of rape. A seventeen-year-old white juvenile was charged with aggravated assault on June 15, 1887, and was given a time out.

In 1888 there was four juvenile who was charged for committing crimes. In 1888 July 12, a 16-year white juvenile was arrested. Another 17-year-old African American juvenile was charged with vandalizing telephone insulators on July 3, 1888, and was released on bond. The third juvenile was white and was charged with stealing a horse on July 18, 1888, and was released on bond. The fourth juvenile was an African American, and on October 14, 1888, he stole cotton. The last juvenile that year was an 18-year-old white and had stolen cattle and was released on bond.

As of 1889, five juveniles were charged with various crimes. An 18-year-old white juvenile was charged with perjury on March 29, 1889, and was released on bond. The second juvenile was white and 18 years of age and was accused of cattle theft on July 23, 1889. The third juvenile was a sixteen-year-old African American who committed an assault on June 10, 1889, and was released on bond. The fourth juvenile was a sixteen-year-old African American charged with theft on November 29, 1889. He was also released on bond. The fifth juvenile is a seventeen-year-old African American who was accused of stealing. In 1890 no juvenile was charged.

Juvenile Offenders

In 1891 there was no record of any juvenile offender who was charged. In 1892, Douglas Frank, an African American with 18 years, was charged with disturbing the peace on September 1 1892. He was released after a couple of days. Seventeen days later, he was arrested this time with assault. He was fined and rereleased. Rodgers Will, an 18 years white juvenile, was charged with theft on January 3, 1892. He was given a time out, but seven months later, he stole a horse. He was sentenced to the penitentiary for five years. 17-year-old Smith, an African American, was charged with burglary and was released on bond. Freeman, a white juvenile, was charged with theft of cattle on June 12, 1892. He was released on bond after two days. Douglas, a 16 years old African American, was charged with unlawfully using another's arsenal on July 22, 1892. He was given a convict bond. Blair, a 16-year-old white boy on May 3, was given a time out to refuse to pay cash plus fine.

In 1893, Everett, a 12-year white boy, was charged with burglary on November 14. He was released after a single day. Williamson, a 14-year-old African American, was charged with shooting crap on June 15, 1893. He was discharged after four days. Henry, a 14-year-old white boy, stole a horse on July 23 and was released after two days. Cox, a 14-year-old boy, was charged with burglary and was released after three days. He later committed the same crime after fifteen days. He was sentenced to two years in a reformatory. Knight, a 15-year-old white boy, was charged with the theft of over $20. He was carried to Van Zandt Co. Isaac, a 16-year-old African American charged with shooting crap and was released after one day. Douglas, a 17-year-old African American, was charged with forgery on February 9 and released after four days. Ben, a 17-year-old white boy, was charged with burglary and stealing horses and was sentenced to seven years in the penitentiary.

In 1894 Kirk, an 18-year-old white boy was charged with assault and rape on July 23. Weatherly, an 18-year-old white boy, was charged with burglary and was released on bond after five days. Candle, an 18-year-old white boy, was also accused of assault and rape and was released on bond. Holcomb, an 18-year-old African American, was charged with burglary January 1, 1894, and was released after 11 days after paying a bond. Harris, another 18-year-old African American, was arrested for selling whiskey and was released after two days when he settled his fine. Wilson's 18-year-old white boy was charged with aggravated assault and released on bond after elven days. Morris, a 17-year-old white boy, committed robbery and was released on bond after seven days. 16-year-old Thomson and Jess were both released on bond after one committed burglary, and the other disturbing the peace. Follis, a 14-year-old African American, was charged with theft and was released on bond after seventeen days.

In 1895 Keith, an 18-year-old white boy, was charged with lunacy and was released after seven months. As of 1896, Bill, an African American of 15 years of age, was charged with stealing less than $20 and was sent to a county farm. Henry, a 14-year white boy, had been charged with stealing a horse one year ago, and on May 12, 1896, he was charged with burglary. This time around, he was sent to the penitentiary. Holis, a 17-year-old white boy, was involved with robbery on January 22, 1896, and was released on bond. Will and Davidson 18 year’s old white juveniles, stole over 50 and was released on bond. They were then both charged after 15 days with assault and forgery but were acquitted. Turn bow and Simmons, 18-year-old white juveniles, were both charged with unlawful assembly and were fined $25 each.

In 1897, Bill, a 16-year-old African American, was a previous offender in 1896. This time around, he was charged with carrying knuckles. He was delivered to the chain gang. Dug, a 16-year white boy, was charged for acquiring goods by misrepresentation. He was released by bond. Fred and Thomas 16 year’s old white boys, were charged with burglary on May 14, 1897, and both were freed after paying the bond. Guest, also a 16 years of age white boy, was charged but released on bail. Archie, a 16 years old white boy, was charged with theft and sent to the chain gang. George, a 17-year-old white boy, stole saddle pockets and was released on bond. Jack, 17 year’s old white juvenile, got goods by misrepresentation, and served his sentence out of jail. Bill again was charged the fourth time with theft, and he was held for thirty days. Mort, a 17-year-old white juvenile, was charged with theft and released on bond. Fred, an African American of 18 years, did not pay a fine and was sent to a chain gang. Harris, also an 18-year-old African American, violated a city ordinance and was acquitted after three days. 18-year-old Karl, who is white, was given a convict bond. Turn bow an 18-year white juvenile a re-offender, robbed a train, and was sent to Granbury.

In 1898 Frank, a white boy of 16 years, was charged with accessory to murder and was released on bond. Furthermore, John, a 16-year white juvenile, failed to pay his fine and was sent to a chain gang. Gab, an 18-year-old white juvenile, was charged with assault and was released on bond. Emmitt, also an 18-year-old juvenile, was charged with selling whiskey and was released on bond on February 14, 1898. Tom, an 18-year-old white juvenile, failed to pay a fine and was sent to a chain gang.

Conclusion

The county key sources of employment are the; manufacturing company's education sector and the accommodation and food industries. Others are the health sector, retail trade, and construction. This research will look at the number of jailed individuals in Erath County from 1880 to 1910. Further analysis will be done to ascertain the convicts' race and determine if they are adults or juveniles. The paper's objective is to show that race played a primary role n determining the juveniles' fate.