Stress has become a daily life experience, it affects a person's physical and emotional well-being. A majority of the individuals who encounter stress lack the capabilities of handling it effectively. With current change in the environment of the humans, a number of challenges are cropping up that are the building factors of stress. Thus, resulting in the increased rate of stress thereby giving rise to stress-related effects such as increased illness, the fading of the morality and human ethics. The human is also undergoing changes from industrial to a post-industrial which is contributing to the challenges.
Stress has been can be defined in different ways, for instance, it is a reaction that has adverse threat to mental, physical, and emotional health that can result to reactions or physiological problems (Mohsenzadeh,2007, p.1), according to Norcross & Prochaska,2007, p. 78 argues that the existing challenge will initiate mental and physical energy to a person thereby making him acquire new job skills. On the other hand, stress is an annoying feeling of excitement that arises when there is lack of proportionality between a person's want and the available things to satisfy his wants. This is according to the national job safety and health institution.
Stress can be regarded as environmentally stimulated, it can also be a response by a person towards a given burden, finally, it can be a body reaction to address a situation in the body that results to pressure. With regard to "the General Adoption Syndrome", people have ways of tolerating stress. I.e. when a person is exposed to a factor causing stress, the first stage of response is the alarming stage, the person is made aware of the occurrence of the stress and the body tries as much as possible to handle it, giving rise to the second stage in which the body tries to overcome the negative effects of stress if there is no solution is found a third stage known as exhaustion arises. At this stage, the person gives up.
Stress can be bad or good, an example of a good stress is one that arises as a result of fame (Moorhead and Griffin, 1995, p. 253). People have different resistance to stress. It has been found that women are more likely to have stress than men. The factors that cause stress today is the modern way of life and the organizational activities. These include impatience, overworking, ignoring personal abilities etc.
It is accompanied by the following consequences: a migraine, drug abuse, high blood pressure and other mental diseases such as depression (Giga, S. I., L Cooper, C.). They can be divided into individual which affects the person but may affect the employer directly or indirectly, organizational and individual-organizational. To manage stress, there are strategies used to eliminate the factor causing stress and offering mass education on how to approach the factors. There is need o manage stress because it reduces the work labor in an organization and have very severe effects if not managed well by an individual. To overcome stress, one can engage in sporting activities, having enough rest, managing time effectively, and finally managing the roles.
However, stress has positive effects for instance in an organization when they expose the employees to stress, their productivity will increase. It is upon the organizations to draft up ways to manage stress so that they may increase their workforce and eventually profits.
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