Selfishness as an Inert Human Trait; Paper Outline Sample

General Purpose: This paper is written to argue that selfishness is part and parcel of all humans and the driving force behind their actions.

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Specific Purpose: After reading this paper, readers should be aware that despite the society considering selfishness as a trait for bad people, it is inborn and deeply rooted in the human nature so should be regarded as a character that is beyond human help.

Thesis Statement: Western and more modern societies have enabled man to be more selfish for survival purposes.

Introduction

Philosophers, researchers and many scientists have overall concluded that selfishness is an inert human trait.

Selfishness is blamed by many for the distresses of human association particularly in discourteous and inconsiderate actions and regarded as a trait for bad people.

Such assertions show how the concept is misunderstood and they are wrong since selfishness is part and parcel of everyone and the driving force behind human actions.

In this discussion, this essay will give the reasons as to why selfishness is an inert human trait.

Body

Selfish is a pre-requisite for the survival of any living animal on earth.

Scientists Richard Dawkins maintains that ruthless selfishness is a primary trait that any successful gene must carry.

It is this selfish gene that gives rise to selfishness in human actions (Journet).

As a result, humans observe a thing as either a vice or virtue relative to how their self-interest is affected and not that of others (Benkler).

Sigmund Freud portrayal of an animalistic and dark nature of people is another proof of selfishness as an inert human trait.

There are factors within human body that are motivators for pleasure seeking and avoiding pain.

The id makes humans pursue whatever is in their interest including selfish desires without overlooking implication of such behaviors (Huang and John).

The motivation is derived unconsciously by the Id.

Selfishness is much reflected in human life further proving its inertness.

Everything in human life revolves around pleasure and desire to survive.

Despite ethics to guide people humans still act selfishly not minding others.

The concept of misusing what one has proves this. For example, people throwing excess food knowing that there are others who lack the food proves that people are only concerned about their selves.

Conflicting Opinion

On the contrary, humans have prooved to be more altrustic than assumed.

It would imposible to survive as humans without coopeeation for collective survival and reproduction.

Due to their intelligent nature, humans would cut off uncooperative iondividuals from the social interaction and ensure their selfish genes go extint.

For this reason, humans would remain with the kind individiuals only.

Conclusion

Selfishness as an inert human trait is a fact that is fueled by the nature of the modern and western worlds.

Selfishness is ingrained in the human personality as a pre-requisite for survival as supported by Thomas Hobbes

For selfish intents in humans in the quest to realize pleasure and avoid pain.

Selfishness is inert since, despite the knowledge of good and evil, humans still engage in selfish acts.

Works Cited

Benkler, Yochai. "The unselfish gene." Harvard business review 89.7/8 (2011): 77-85.

Huang, Julie Y. and A. Bargh John. "The Selfish Goal: Autonomously operating motivational structures as the proximate cause of human judgment and behavior." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37.2 (2014): 121-135.

Journet, Debra. "The resources of ambiguity: Context, narrative, and metaphor in Richard Dawkins's the selfish gene." Journal of Business and Technical Communication 24.1 (2010): 29-59.