Masters or master's. Understanding the correct usage in education

Choosing between “masters” and “master's” can be confusing, especially in academic and professional writing. Although they look similar, the two forms have different grammatical functions. Use master's degree with an apostrophe when naming the qualification; masters without an apostrophe is the plural of master and has other uses. Understanding the distinction is crucial for students, academics, and professionals who must write precisely. This applies when reviewing academic essays, resumes, or a draft from an essay writing service.

Masters vs. master's. What's the difference?

Grammatical differences distinguish “masters” from “master's”. The possessive form of "master," "master's," is the right way to refer to a master's degree. This is why official writing uses “master's degree”. However, “masters” without an apostrophe is the plural of “master”. The plural term “masters” is suited for masters like golfers or chess players. It is incorrect in the phrase “masters degree”, but it can be correct in other academic contexts when referring to people who are masters of a subject.

Let’s look at examples to clarify this distinction:

• Correct: She is completing her master’s degree in computer science.
• Incorrect: She is completing her masters degree in computer science. (incorrect without apostrophe)
• Correct: The university held a conference for renowned masters in visual arts.

For a general degree reference, use “master's degree”; a formal title such as “Master of Arts” does not take an apostrophe. Alternatively, “masters” might refer to a group of specialists or a tournament like Masters. The apostrophe also stays when referring to multiple degrees or programs. Use “master's degrees” and “master's programs,” not “masters degrees” or “masters programs.” For example, “The university offers several master's programs” and “She holds two master's degrees” are correct.

Formal writing requires proper grammar. The improper form, especially in academic settings, might indicate a lack of attention to detail when writing cover letters, statements of purpose, or utilizing academic credentials in email signatures.

It's about being understood, not simply grammatical perfection. Knowledge of masters vs. master's is essential for writing resumes, academic profiles, and university applications, as you'll discover later.

Capitalization rules for master's degree and formal degree titles

Use "master's degree" with an apostrophe and lowercase letters when not expressing the full title.

Formal degree names, such as Master of Arts and Master of Education, are generally capitalized when used as official titles. Capitalization conventions may vary by institution, so follow the relevant academic style guide.

• Preferred in many institutional style guides:  She holds a Master of Public Health.
• Alternative institutional style: She holds a master of public health.
• Correct: He earned a Master of Fine Arts. (Correct when capitalized and written without “degree”)

Follow your institution's style guide when writing an official degree title.

Common mistakes with masters and master's

Leaving out the apostrophe in master's degree

Use master’s degree, not masters degree, when referring to the qualification:

• Correct: She completed a master's degree in engineering. (Correct)
• Incorrect: She completed a masters degree in engineering. (Incorrect)

Adding an apostrophe to a formal degree title

Use Master of Arts, not Master’s of Arts. The apostrophe belongs in the general expression master’s degree, not in the formal title Master of Arts.

• Correct: She earned a Master of Arts.
• Incorrect: She earned a Master’s of Arts.

Choosing the wrong verb for degree or degrees

Whether to use is or are when citing degrees is another frequent dilemma when writing academic biographies or abstracts. The subject determines the response. For instance:

• A master’s degree is a postgraduate qualification.
• Master’s and doctoral degrees are highly valued in academia.
• Incorrect: A master’s degree are a postgraduate qualification.

Writing a philosophy paper or preparing a university application? Check the degree name and subject–verb agreement before submitting your text.

Conclusion

Correctly writing “masters” or “master’s” demonstrates attention to detail. Use master’s degree for a general reference to the qualification and Master of Arts or another official title when naming a specific degree. Masters without an apostrophe is a valid plural noun, but it is incorrect in the phrase masters degree.